Understanding the Bill of Lading

The essential B/L checks importers should make before approval.

Why the B/L matters

The Bill of Lading is a central maritime transport document. Depending on its form, it can function as evidence of the carriage contract, a receipt for the cargo and a document connected with control or release of the goods.

Fields to review carefully

Check shipper, consignee, notify party, vessel and voyage, port of loading, port of discharge, container and seal details, package count, gross weight, freight terms and the description of goods. These details should be consistent with the commercial invoice and packing list.

Original versus express release

An original negotiable B/L may require presentation of originals for cargo release. Express release or sea waybill arrangements can be faster but are not interchangeable in every transaction. The payment method, bank requirements and trust between parties should guide the choice.

Approve the draft before issuance

Corrections after final issuance can cause cost and delay. The importer and exporter should review the draft promptly and confirm spelling, legal company names, addresses and cargo description before authorizing the carrier to issue the final document.

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